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Instituto Agronômico (IAC)

Brazil's reputation as an agricultural power has had a strong contribution from Agronomic Institute of Campinas (IAC) research works since its creation in 1887.

Besides conventional breeding, IAC develops genome studies of crops such as sugarcane, citrus, and coffee, having provided along its history, about 920 varieties of 66 plant species of high nutritional quality, high productivity and less demanding in water and pesticides.

The genetic improvement of rubber helped turn São Paulo into the Brazilian largest producer of natural rubber. The varieties of peanut obtained by IAC's breeding program represent 80% of the area cultivated with this crop, while 90% of the coffee grown in Brazil came from IAC. The work of IAC's scientists enabled the cultivation of temperate fruits in different regions of São Paulo.

IAC conducts collaborative research on citrus with institutions in the United States, Mexico and Argentina, focusing on genome, disease and development of varieties. Another example of international cooperation is the recent transference of 19 sugarcane varieties along with technological packages to countries such as Angola and Mexico.

Ethanol from sugarcane is already a well established biofuel in Brazil but IAC is also studying alternatives crops such as cassava, jatropha and macaúba as feedstock for biofuels.

The Brazilian agricultural climatology studies began in 1890 at IAC and up to the present times assist farmers to manage their crops The large meteorological database, with monthly records generated by 130 weather stations spread throughout the state of São Paulo, is used not only in agriculture but also helps municipal civil defense units in to put in place preventive actions in periods of drought and flood.

Environmental and economic sustainability guides research programs developed at IAC in topics related to water resources, soils, pesticide application technology, and biodiversity.

IAC has the only public laboratories accredited by INMETRO on soil agro environmental resources besides the first laboratory accredited by the Ministry of Agriculture for diagnosis of citrus plant diseases.

IAC maintains Graduate courses in Tropical and Subtropical Agriculture at the master's level since 1999, and at Ph.D since 2009. The first MBA in plant pathology was established in 2012, in a partnership between the IAC and the National Association for Plant Protection (ANDEF).

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